Long story short, you probably want signals
: https://docs.godotengine.org/en/stable/getting_started/step_by_step/signals.html
First of all, for the Player and Box to be available to each other, they will both be under some mutual parent node anyway, so they are in the SceneTree when you play. One way or another, it's clear they can probably find each other.
Anyway, add your CSGBox to the scene. Then add an Area node on top of that. Then add a CollisionShape on that Area node, and set it's shape to "box" in the inspector; it should just fit the box immediately. Now click on the Area node, and find the "node" tab, and you should see all the signals it can do. Choose one like "area entered" and choose your player in the dialog that comes up to connect it to. Your player script will automatically fill with the function that will be called when something collides with that CSGBox.
To make sure it only works with the player, one way is to add a class_name Player
or something to the top of your player script, and in the area_entered
callback, make sure you check if body is Player
before you do anything, or check the node's name, etc.