I had something like this a while ago, but it involved collision, so it was not that problematic. If You have a collision there, then You easily get the node that collided and can immediately connect+emit a signal to it or just call it's method directly.
For a totally abstract setup I'd probably keep a list of As and Bs in Level node for fast access and I would probably keep a reference to Level node in every other node also for fast bug-free access.
It is hard to say on which particular condition You do select A2 for B2, but maybe they are related in some way - like collision, ray cast, adjacency - which could help get the reference instantly.
My answer is based on two weeks of experience in GODOT, so maybe there would be someone smarter to help :).