Actually I have been reading your messages and I think the problem may be that you are looking at the wrong part of your code. You said you tried;
get_node("HealthBar_p1").set_value(health)
and you originally copied the line
get_node("player1/HealthBar_p1").set_value(health)
but the error message says
getnode: (Node not found: "player1/ProgressBar" (relative to "/root/Player1Script")
so you are trying to fix the wrong part of your code. Its the progress bar not the health bar. Did you delete that node perhaps?