Scaling or zooming shouldn't affect image quality. They're the same. Of course, they are within limits of texture resolution plus compression, mip maps and filtering, which you can change from the import tab (in 4.0 filtering can be enabled/disabled from project settings/rendering/textures or per node).
If you have pixel art, turn filtering off to get crisp image at any scale. Other than that, Godot usually picks best options for you. Read more from the docs.
If you're having suboptimal image quality, please add some pics and explain the problem further.