In 3.5, if you start Godot from a console window, stderr and stdout will be redirected to that console - effectively providing you with the experience you want.
Additionally, the installation ships with a cmd file that will start the editor with a console. Look in the folder where the main Godot executable lives. There, you should see something like:
If you want to run Godot 3.5 with the console window (assuming you are running Windows) perform the following:
Create a shortcut to Godot application To do so, simply right-click the Godot executable and select [Create Shortcut].
Right-click the shortcut and select [Properties]
In the first entry window, type: %windir%\system32\cmd.exe /k start [Godot]
The [Godot] is a place holder so you will need to enter your Godot version to run. For me it was: Godot_v3.5-stable_win32.exe
In the second entry window, copy the path to your the Godot application (where it is stored) and paste it. For me it was: D:\Programming\Godot_v3.3.5-stable_win32
Click the [Apply] button.
Done!
Note that the console window will remain open after closing Godot. So make sure to close it as well.